Syntax

This is a subfiled of linguistics that studies the rules that govern how words in a sentence are arranged. It looks at how different words are categorized, how they are combined into clauses and how clauses are joined to form sentences.

Pragmatics

This is a subfield of linguisitcs that studies how people comprehend and produce a communicative act or speech act in an actual speech situation.

Phonetics & Phonology

This is a subfield of Linguistics which involves the production, perception and function of speech sounds. Phonetics is about the physical production and perception of speech and phonology studies the sound systems of specific language(s) and their functions.

Categories